
How are 1D and 2D results considered/calculated?
Overall convention of signs of normal forces and stresses
Positive value = Tension
Negative value = Compression
Only exception in Subsoils (contact stresses sigma,z):
Positive values = Compression
Negative values = Tension
1D members
2D members
1) Basic magnitudes = characteristic values
Bending (plates, shells)
Bending moments mx, my
Torsion moment mxy
Shear forces qx, qy (= vx, vy)
Membrane effects (walls, shells)
Membrane forces nx, ny
Shear force qxy (= nxy)
Basic stresses on 2D
2) Principal magnitudes
The principal magnitudes give the results according to the axes of the directions of the largest stresses (principal directions). These directions are defined with the help of the Mohr’s circle:
Principal moments – plate
Principal forces – wall
Principal stresses on 2D
3) Dimensional magnitudes = design values
To derive the dimensional magnitudes from the basic magnitudes, formulas from the Eurocode are used.
Dimensional moments from EC2 – plate
Dimensional moments, classical method – plate
Dimensional forces from EC2 – wall
Dimensional forces, classical method – wall